Quality casting is a long-lasting process

Gravity casting is among the oldest known processes for fabricating metals and metal alloys. It involves the pouring of molten metal from a crucible into a mold under only the force of gravity, without the use of pressurized gases, vacuums, or centrifugal force.

Small-scale molds used for this form of casting have most commonly been made of sand, tufa stone, and cuttlebone as well as charcoal and plaster as these materials are generally easy to shape (unlike iron or steel), do not break down when suddenly exposed to high temperatures (unlike glass, wood, or plastic), do not deform easily (unlike silicone) and are widely available.

Gravity die casting distinguishes itself from other casting methods in several key aspects. Gravity die casting is a metal casting process where molten metal is poured into a durable metal mold using gravity. Once the metal cools and solidifies, the mold is opened to retrieve the casting.
• In sand casting, compacted sand is placed around a wooden or metal pattern, and additional cores are inserted to create internal features. Molten metal is then introduced into the sand molds. The molds are subsequently fractured to extract the castings.
• In low-pressure die casting, molten metal is introduced into the mold under relatively low pressure, which helps reduce turbulence and air entrapment, resulting in higher-quality castings.
• In high-pressure die casting, die casting is a high-pressure casting method where molten metal is forced into a mold cavity under high pressure.

Investment casting, on the other hand, involves creating a wax pattern that is coated with a ceramic shell. Once the shell is hardened, the wax is melted out, leaving a hollow cavity. Molten metal is then poured into the cavity. In squeeze casting, a precise quantity of molten metal is poured into a die via gravity. Pressure is exerted until the part solidifies. Cores can be employed to craft internal features.